What is a Valedictorian? - Unraveling the Meaning

Now, let's time-travel back to the roots of this prestigious title. "Valedictorian" comes from the Latin term 'vale dicere,' meaning 'to say farewell.' This tradition has roots in the early European universities that were religious institutions. The title was given to an individual chosen to deliver a farewell sermon or address to the graduating class. It was less about grades and more about speaking ability, character, and respect among peers. This tradition has evolved and now typically goes to the student with the highest academic standing. Nonetheless, every school can have its unique criteria for this esteemed position.

In the United States, the tradition of naming a valedictorian dates back to the 18th century. The earliest record of a valedictorian in the United States comes from the College of William and Mary, which named its first valedictorian in 1759. Over time, the tradition of the valedictory address at graduation ceremonies spread across the American educational system, becoming an anticipated highlight of the event.

A few other countries like Canada and the Philippines honor valedictorians at graduation. Many other countries have traditions that celebrate academic excellence in ways similar to the valedictorian system. Let's take a brief tour:

1. United Kingdom: In the UK, universities traditionally have a student chosen as the "student orator" who gives a speech at graduation ceremonies. However, this position isn't necessarily awarded to the highest-ranking student but rather someone who can deliver a compelling speech reflecting the experiences of the graduating class.
2. Germany: Germany has a tradition known as "Abitur bestanden," where students who perform exceptionally well on their Abitur exams (final secondary-school exams) are recognized. Though there's no specific title akin to valedictorian, the high achievers are lauded publicly.
3. France: French high schools and universities use a system where students are ranked based on their academic performance, with top performers receiving the designation of having their degree "avec mention" (with honors). However, there isn't usually a single student highlighted in the same way as a valedictorian.
4. Australia: In Australia, the tradition varies by state. In some states, they have what is known as the "dux" of the school, which is the top academic student in the year, somewhat akin to the valedictorian.